Apparatus for hair waving



Dec. 11, 1934. G. DECKER 1,983,970

APPARATUS FOR HAIR WAVING Filed June 5, 1929 lNVENTOR y flaxw/ Patented Dec. 11, 1934 UNITED STATES APPARATUS FOR HAIR WAVING George Decker, Cleveland, Ohio, assignor to The Philad Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Application June 5, 1929, Serial No. 368,545

1 Claim.

This invention relates to apparatus for treating hair by the application of heat, such as is done in various waving processes.

An object of the invention is to provide an 5 improved heater which will protect the hair to which it is applied from being subjected to excessive heat.

Other objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention will be better understood from the description of one practical embodiment thereof, illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which;

Figure l is a view of two heaters, one being shown in longitudinal section and the other in perspective; and

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a single heater showing parts in circuit breaking position.

The heater shown consists of an arcuate shell formed of an inner arched plate 1 having outwardly extending periferal flanges 2, and an outer arched plate 3 spaced therefrom and secured to these flanges. Within the space between the above plates is a heating element 4, which consists of a coil of resistance wire Wound back and forth between sheets of mica or other suitable insulation. The marginal flange at one end of the heater is extended upwardly to form a lug 5 to which are secured blocks of insulating material, one of which constitutes a handle 6 and between two others 7 of which are positioned terminals 8 to which are connected conductors 9 extending from a source of electric current.

Upon the top of the casing is formed a projection or hollow boss 10 constitutinga housing within which is carried a heat responsive device for controlling the current supplied to the heating element. This thermostatic device consists of a block of insulating material 11 carried by the shell to which is secured, by means of screws 12, a bi-metallic strip 13 which is arranged to contact with an adjustable contact screw 14 carried by another block 15 of insulating material secured to the interior of the housing by a screw 16. The housing is provided with an aperture above the adjustable contact screw 14, so that this may be reached by a suitable tool and adjusted. One of the lead-in wires 17 from the heating element is connected to one of the terminals 8 above referred to, and the other 18 is connected to the bimetallic strip. A conductor 19 connects the contact screw 14 to the other terminal.

From the above it will be seen that the bimetallic element is enclosed within the shell of the heater and is subjected to all the variations in temperature to which the heater shell is subjected. When the temperature rises above a predetermined point for which the screw 14 has been adjusted, the bi-metallic element deflects downwardly as shown in Figure 2 and thus breaks the circuit through which current is supplied the heating element, permitting the same to cool off. When this cooling has proceeded below the predetermined temperature, the bi-- metallic element is again deflected upwardly into the position shown in Figure l, contacting with the adjustable contact screw, and thus completing the circuit and supplying more current to the heating element.

It is especially important in permanent waving processes and the like to prevent the hair from being heated above the temperature at which it can become scorched, and in the waving of a number of strands simultaneously as is the common practice, it is impossible to main tain the strands within the different heaters at exactly a desired temperature by a central control, due to variations in the amount of hair in the several strands, in the amounts of mois :1

ture used upon the strands, and the like, and it is therefore necessary for accurate control to provide each heater with a thermostatic de vice whereby it will be controlled independently of the others. The above described apparatus is particularly suitable for this purpose as it does not add materially to the bull; or weight of the heater, is so positioned that it does not interfere with the close placing of the hairs, is

simple in construction andadjustment, and is positive in its action.

While I have described the illustrated embodiment in some particularity, it is obvious that many variations may be made therein both as to location and type of the thermostatic element and the manner in which it is associated with the heater coil and casing, and I do not therefore limit myself to the precise details shown and described, but claim as my invention all embodiments coming within the scope of the subjoined claim.

I claim:

A heater for use in waving hair comprising a substantially semi-cylindrical hollow casing adapted to partially enclose a wound strand of hair, an electrical heating element within said casing, insulating blocks secured to the casing adjacent one end, lead-in Wires from the electrical heating element to said insulating blocks,

conductors connected to said lead-in wires enclosed by said blocks, an excrescence on the exterior of the heater casing and open on the side toward said heating element, blocks of insulating material secured to the interior of said excrescence, a bi-metallic strip carried by one oi said blocks, an adjustable contact carried by the other of said blocks, said strip and contact being interposed in one of said lead-in wires.

GEORGE DECKER. 

